Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution

Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution D URING the winter of 1777-1778, the British were in winter quarters In Philadelphia and in control of the adjacent country-side. Thus, with military activities reduced to a minimum, the Friends of Middletown Monthly Meeting in Bucks County appear to have had little occasion for concern over any "war-like" conduct exhibited by fellow members. But with the withdrawal of the British in the spring of 1778, and the resumption of government by the revolutionary Pennsylvanians in Philadelphia, the situation changed. The Militia Act of 1777 could now be enforced, and fines could be levied for non-performance of militia duty or for failing to turn out on exercise days. Oaths or affirmations of allegiance to the government could be taken; elections could be held and officials appointed. Consequently Friends once more were confronted with the necessity of choosing between religious convictions and patriotic duty. Concern for those members who failed to keep to the "peaceable Principles" which the Society professed once again appeared in the Meeting's minutes. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown, the 5th Day of the 2 4 Month 1778. This Meeting being acquainted that LUCAS GILLAM the Younger went away in a disorderly Way, and bath joined himself to a military Body of Men, and been present with them in War; wherefore the Meeting thinks it necessary that it be speedily taken Notice of, without waiting till the Preparative Meeting, and appoints Thomas Wilson, Ezra Comfort, Thomas Stapler, William Richardson and William Blakey, to use their Endeavours for an Opportunity with him, and acquaint him with the Necessity Friends are under speedily to testify against him; and they are requested to prepare something for that Purpose, unless they find some apparent Alteration in his Disposition and Conduct, and produce it to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2' Day of the 4 50 Month 1778. Two of the Friends in the Case of LUCAS GILLAM reported they had taken an opportunity with him, and signified that they thought it necessary Friends Testimony go 2 1n 1775, Lucas Gillam, Jr. had been listed es a non-associator in Middletown Seep., Bucks Co., for which see Penesylvenia Archives, 2nd Series, XIV, 225, hereinafter cited by series only. Because as few Revolutionary muster rolls or returns have survived in published records, the service of most of the men noted in the Middletown minutes has not been identified. 18 Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 19 forth against him and his Conduct, and one being prepared, the same was approved and signed by the Clerk; Isaac Watson and John Watson are appointed to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him with his Right of Appeal, and report to the Meeting when done. The Meeting being informed that JOSEPH PAXSON (son of James Paxson deceased) who had a Birthright amongst Friends, and was bound an Apprentice to a Member of this Meeting, but having deviated so far from our peaceable Profession as to go from his said Master in a disorderly Way, and join himself to Men in War, for which Conduct Friends have had an Opportunity with him, but he not appearing in a Situation to return to his Master, or be reconciled to his Friends for his Disorders, the Meeting thinks it necessary to Shew forth their Disunion with him: And a Testimony being prepared, with some Alteration was approved it signed by the Clerk; Jonathan Paxson and John Watson are appointed to give him a Copy thereof, and Acquaint him with his Right of Appeal, and report to the Meeting when done. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held in Middletown, the 7th Day of the 5th Month 1778. One of the Friends appointed to give LUCAS GILLAM a Copy of our Testimony against him and inform him of his Right of Appeal, reports he has performed that Service, and that Lucas signified he had no Thoughts of appealing; wherefore the said Testimony is ordered to be inserted in the Meeting's Minute Book and is in the following Words, viz. "From our monthly Meeting held at Middletown the 2" of the 4' Month 1778, Whereas Lucas Gillam junr who had a Birthright amongst us the People called Quakers; but for want of keeping to the peaceable Principles we profess, he hath so far deviated as to be guilty of taking up Arms, and joining a military Body of Men: We therefore think it needful for the clearing of our Society from the Reproach he hath brought thereon, thus speedily to give forth our Testimony against him and his disorderly Conduct, and do hereby testify against him the said Lucas GiIlam, and can have no Unity with him as a Member of our religious Society, until he becomes rightly sensible of his Error, and condemns the same to the satisfaction of this Meeting: Which that he may do is Our Desire. Signed in and by order of our said Meeting by William Blakely." At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 3d Day of the 9th Month 1778, The Preparative Meeting reports that JOSEPH WILDMAN has appeared unfaithful in Regard to paying his Fine . for not bearing Arms, to far as to direct the Collector nearly where he might find some of the Money. Joseph appearing here in a tender Frame of Mind, made a verbal Acknowledgment; the Matter is left under his solid Consideration till next Meeting, that he may put the same in Writing. The Preparative Meeting also reports that BENJAMIN LEEDOM has paid a Fine a demanded of him for not bearing Arms as a Soldier: The Meeting appoints Thomas Wilson and Joseph Knight to treat with him, and report to next Meeting. 205 26 Dn. 1777, an act 'ler making more equal the burden of public Defense" directed that thereafmr each person "not subject to, 110, performing duty" was .. to be subject to an additional sum equal to what he is charged in the state tax." Far those in Bucks Co. liable in 1779 for this additional assessment, known as the "double tax," see "Persons Paying Double Tax," 3rd Series, XIII, 98-111. Four days later on 30 Dec. 1777, a further supplement to regulate the militia set a fine for neglect or refusal to march when called up for duty, at £40. The money so collected was used to pay substitutes. 'Fine lists for the Fifth Battalion 'as 1778 have not been published. Leedom, enrolled in the 6th Company of that battalion under the Militia Act of 1777. was in 1779 twice fined 69 15r, for not turning out on exercise days. See 3rd Series, VI, 103, 106. 20 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine The Preparative Meeting reports that JAMES HIBBS has paid a Sum of Money demanded of him towards the Support of the War: The Meeting appoints William Richardson and Jonathan Paxson to treat with him, and report to next Meeting. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown by Adjournment the 8. Day of the 10. Month 1778. The Friends appointed to treat with BENJAMIN LEEDOM reported they had taken an Opportunity with him, and that Benjamin did not justify his Conduct, and said, if it was to do again he would not do it; and Benjamin being here requests more Time, which the Meeting agrees to, and his Matter is left under the Care of the same Friends. One of the Friends in JAMES HIBBS'S Case reported they had visited him and James told them he had since been uneasy with his own Conduct a which he was under Dealing for, and that he sent Word to this Meeting that he could not well attend, but was in hopes he might be enabled to have something to offer to next Meeting, 'till which time his Case is left under the Care of the same Friends. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 8" Day of the 11. Month 1778. JOSEPH 'WILDMAN'S Case coming again before the Meeting, and he being here, offered something in Writing which the Meeting accepts of. BENJAMIN LEEDOM'S Case coming again before the Meeting, and he being here offered a Paper wherein he condemns his Conduct wherein he is charged on Minute, which the Meeting accepts of. JAMES HIBBS offered to this Meeting a Paper, wherein he expresses some Uneasiness with his Conduct for which Friends have him under Dealing, w. Paper the Meeting accepts. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown, the 3' 4 Day of the 12th Month 1778. The Preparative Meeting reports that CHARLES PLUMLY has paid a Sum of Money 5 demanded of him for not going as a Soldier to the War: The Meeting appoints Thomas Wilson of Southampton and Jonathan Paxson to visit him and report his Disposition to next Meeting. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7. Day of the 1. Month 1779. The Friends appointed in the Case of CHARLES PLUMLY reported that they had visited him, and that Charles told them he had seen his Error; and he being at this Meeting, appeared in a Disposition to be reconciled to his Friends, and required more Time, which this Meeting agrees to; and the Matter is left under his solid Consideration 'till next Meeting, and under the Care of the same Friends. At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4. Day of the 2a Month 1779. One of the Friends in CHARLES PLUMLY'S Case reported that he had visited him, and that he proposed being here, but Charles informs this Meeting (by a Fr') that he has met with an Accident which has prevented his attending and requests his Matter may lie another Month; which Friends agreed to, and it is continued under the Care of the Committee. E James Hibbs had been enrolled in Capt. Augustin 1775, for which see 5th Series, V. 307- wake. 5th Associated Co. of Middletown Twp. in .Flumly, of Northampton Twp., had paid E3 Os. fine for not turning out with the First Battalion on exercise days in 1778; see 3rd Series, VI, 17. Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 21 At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4. Day of the 3. Month 1779. CHARLES PLUMLY was at this Meeting and offered a Paper in which he condemns his Disorder, which was read and accepted. The Preparative Meeting reports that JONATHAN STACKHOUS, JOHN STACKHOUS & ISAAC STAOSHOUS Juno has taken the Affirmation of Allegiance and Abjuration under this unsettled Government; And they being at this Meeting, offered something expressing sorrow for what they had done, which is left under the weighty Consideration of them and Friends; and Thomas Stapler, Jonathan Paxson, William Richardson, and William Blakey are appointed in order that they may have a solid Opportunity with them, and they to report next Meeting. And the Preparative Meeting also reports that WILLIAM PAXSON, WILLIAM RODMAN Juno and JOHN WILDMAN have taken the Affirmation of Allegiance and Abjuration under this present unsettled Government; Thomas Stapler, John Woolston, Jonathan Paxson, William Richardson, Thomas Wilson, and William Blakey are appointed to visit them, and report to next Meeting the Disposition they find them in. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 1" Day of the 4" Month 1779. The Committee in the Case of JONATHAN, JOHN and ISAAC STACKHOUS JUNI& report that they had visited them, and that they had been dipt into close Feeling with them after their present Situation: And that they appeared unto them under a Degree of Exercise for what they had done, which is still continued under the Care of the Committee, and they desired to attend thereto, as Best Wisdom may direct, and report to a future Meeting. The Committee in the Cases of JOHN WILDMAN, WILLIAM RODMAN, Juno and WILLIAM PAXSON, appearing not to have made much Progress therein, are continued, & desired to attend thereto and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 6. Day of the 5 55 Month 1779. A Friend reported that he with others of the Committee had visited WILLIAM RODMAN JuNtoo, and that William vindicated his Conduct, and did not appear convinced of his Error. The Committee also reports that they had visited WILLIAM PAXSON, and that it W1S a satisfactory Time, and that William informed them he had the Matter under his Consideration. One of the Comnuttee also reported that JOHN WILDMAN had been visited, and that he did not then appear convinced that what he had done was wrong, but rather vindicated his Conduct, and informed them if he changed his Mind he would inform Friends thereof; which three last Cases are still continued under the Care of the Committee, and they desired to endeavour for a solid Opportunity with them, between [now] and next Meeting, and report their Sense of their Dispositions. The Preparative Meeting reports that HASTINGS STACKHOUS has been spoken with in regard to his going away in a disorderly manner, and putting himself under the 6 The first of the so-called Test Acts had been passed 13 June 1777; it required the renouncing of allegiance to King Gentle, and the acknowledgment of allegiance to the Common , ealth of Pennsylvania. Subsequent acts were passed 9 Sept., 5 Dec. 1775, and 11 Oct. 1779. The Stukhouses, in the 7t15 Company of Cu!. Mellvaine's Fifth Battalion, in 1779 each paid fines of £9 15z. for non-attendance on exercise days; see 3rd Series, VI, 103. I06. 22 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Protection of a military Body of Mess: And likewise that he has taken the Affirmation of Allegiance & Fidelity under this present unsettled Government. The Meeting appoints John Woolston, James Wildman, Isaac Watson and Joseph Paxson to treat with him, and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown, the 3'a Day of the 6. Month 1779. Some of the Committee in the Case of JOHN 'WILDMAN and WILLIAM ROD. MAN jtrNicia report that they had been visted since last Meeting, and that they still appeared unsensible of their Error and vindicated their Conduct. Nevertheless as some Friends have expressed a Desire for another Opportunity with them, the Matter is left till next Meeting. Some of the Committee in the Case of WILLIAM PAXSON report that they had taken an Opportunity with him, and that it was their Sense he had the Matter under his Consideration; but that they thought a closer Attention thereto might be necessary which Case is left under their Care. The Committee in HASTINGS STACKHOUS'S Case not having had an Opportunity suitable with him since last Meeting, are continued, and desired to report to next. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the I" Day of the 7 5 Month 1779. JONATHAN, JOHN and ISAAC STACKHOUS JuNiox's Cases are continued. It appears from the Report of two Friends that JOHN WILDMAN and WILLIAM RODMAN juN. have been visited since last Meeting, and that they appear still insensible of what they have done being wrong; the Meeting after weightily considering their Cases appoints William Richardson & Henry Simmons to acquaint them if they still persist in what they have done, the Meeting will be under a Necessity to declare them not of us. WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case is still continued under the Committee's Care. It appears that THOMAS LONGSHORE has exercised to learn the Art of War, and paid a Fine for not going out as a Soldier.' And Thomas Longshore being at this Meeting, offered a Paper to condemn his disorderly Conduct, which was returned to him; and the Matter left under the Care of the Committee. The Committee in HASTING STACKHOUS'S Case report that they made a Trial for an Opportunity with him without the desired Effect: that he had appointed to meet them several Times, but never came: And also report that he is again gone away, and Friends don't know where to find him; therefore Friends think it not best longer to be chargeable with him and his Conduct, but think it necessary to testify against him. John Vroolston and William Blakey are appointed to draw a Testimony and acquaint him (if Opportunity offers) and produce it to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 5 50 Day of the V. Month 1779. One of the Committee in JONATHAN, JOHN, and ISAAC STACKHOUS June. Case report that some of the Committee had visited them since last Meeting, and that they found them in a good Disposition, and that they requested more Time, which the Meeting agrees to, and continues their Case under the Care of the Committee. The Friends appointed to pay JOHN WILDMAN and WILLIAM RODMAN ju/OR another Visit, and to acquaint them that Friends would be under the Necessity of disT In Oct. 1781, Thornas Longshore was mustered in Capt. Richard Stillwell's Company of 1st Class rem; see f th Series, V. 422. Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 23 owning them if they persist its vindicating their Conduct, report that they have done the Meeting's Message to them, and that they still appear in the same Disposition as expressed in a former Minute; therefore the Meeting appoints William Richardson and Henry Simmons to prepare Testimonies against them, and produce to next Meeting, & acquaint them with the Result. Several of the Committee in WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case having visited him since last Meeting report that William still appears desirous to be reconciled to Friends, which Case is continued under the Committee's Care. The Committee in THOMAS LONGSHORE'S Case report that they had visited him, and that they found him in a pretty good Disposition, and that he was desirous his Case might be continued; it is continued under the Care of y" same Fr.. One of the Friends appointed to draw a Testimony against HASTINGS STACKHOUS produced one, which not being to Satisfaction, they are desired to prepare another against next Meeting. The Queries [from the Yearly Meeting] were read and answered in Writing, as follows: Answ. to the 6: We have none to charge with administering Oaths, nor paying Priests Wages; We are not all clear of being concerned in military Services, which is under the Meetings Care. . . . At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2' Day of the .9th Month 1779. The Cases of JONATHAN, JOHN and ISAAC STACKHOUS Jumt is still continued under the Care of the Committee. The Friends appointed to draw Testimonies against JOHN 'WILDMAN and WILLIAM RODMAN jUNII produce something to this Meeting, which being not quite satisfactory, they are desired to assist the Clark in composing Minutes in the room thereof between now and next Meeting. WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case coming again before this Meeting, and William being here requests more Time, which was granted, and his Case continued under the Care of the Committee. It not appearing that any of the Committee in THOMAS LONGSHORE'S Case have had an Opportunity with him since last Meeting, it is continued under the Care of the Committee, and they desired to attend thereto, and report to next Meeting. One of the Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against HASTINGS STACKHOUS 0 produce one, which was read and with some Alterations approved and signed; and the same Friends appointed to give him a Copy, if an Opportunity should present, and acquaint him with his Privilege of Appeal. The Preparative Meeting reports that JACOB RANDAL has been spoken with divers Times in regard to his not attending our Meetings, which he still continues in the Neglect of, and that Jacob has paid a Fine for himself and his sons for not Training and going as a Soldier to the War, which Case the Meeting refers to a Committee who are appointed to treat with such as have taken Tests. 0 Although Hastings Stackhouse was testified against, he was fined £5 1ss. for not exercising with and Company of the Fifth Battalion in 1779; see 3rd Series, VI, 102. the The Rmdils of Southampton Twp. had paid several fines in 1778, the father £7 for a substitute, and father and son each f1 12r. 9d. for not eaercning with the First Battalion; see 3rd Series, VI, Is. Both had been on the roll of Capt. John Folwell's Otis Associated Company of Southampton Twp. in 1775. See sth Series, V. 509. 24 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7th Day of the 10th Month 1779. Some of the Friends in the Case of JONATHAN, JOHN 8: ISAAC STACKHOUS Juasis have had an Opportunity with them and report that the Friends under Dealing have used some Endeavours to open their Way in order to satisfy the Meeting, but not having fully done what was expected, it is left under the Care of the Committee. A Copy of a Minute in the Case of WILLIAM RODMAN Jumt being produced to this Meeting, it was read, and with some Alteration approved, and is as follows; and the Clark is ordered to insert in the Book one of the same kind in JOHN 'WILDMAN'S Case. "Whereas William Rodman June hath taken a Test or Qualification of Fidelity and Allegiance to the Powers now presiding in this Time of Commotion and unsettled State of publick Affairs, and it being not consistent with our holy Profession, he bath been treated with in Labours of Love in order to convince him of the Error, but it not appearing to have the desired Effect (as he still endeavours to vindicate his Conduct) we therefore disown him of having any Right of Membership with us, until he comes to a true Sense of his Misconduct, & condemns it to the Satisfaction of the Meeting." [Then follows an identically worded Testimony against JOHN 'WILDMAN.] John Watson and Joshua Blakey are appointed to give WILLIAM RODMAN June. and JOHN V/ILDMAN each a Copy of the above Minutes, in their Case, acquaint them with their Privilege of Appeal & return their Answer to r Meets. The Friends in WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case report they had visisted him since last Meeting, and that William still appears in some Measure sensible that what he has done is wrong, but not so feeling sensible as to do what Friends think necessary; which is still left under the Care of the Committee. The Committee in THOMAS LONGSHORE'S Case report that they had visited him since last Meeting, and that they thought him somewhat sensible of his Misconduct, but not so much so as was necessary; and he being here offered a Paper of Condemnation, which under his present Circumstance is not satisfactory; which is ordered to be returned to him, and the Committee with the Addition of Thomas Wilson, William Blakey and W. Richardson to visit him and report to next Meeting. JACOB RANDALL'S Case not having been attended to by the Committee is still left under their Care, and they desired to attend thereto and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4th Day of the 11th month 1779. The Committee in JONATHAN. JOHN and ISAAC STACKHOUS'S Case not having had much Opportunity with them since last Meeting, are desired to attend to it between this and Next Meeting. The Friends appointed to give WILLIAM RODMAN and JOHN WILDMAN Copies of the Meeting's Minutes in their Case, & acquaint them with their Privilege of Appeal, report they have done so; and that they should not appeal. The Committee in WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case not having an Opportunity with him since last Meeting, his Case is continued under daeir Care, and they are desired to attend to it, and report to next Meeting. The Committee appointed to visit THOMAS LONGSHORE, report they have had a pretty full Opportunity with him, and think he is not so sensibly affected for his Misconduct as to be able to make this Meeting Satisfaction: Wherefore the Meeting appoints 5 . Though disowned by Friends, bosh Wildman and Rodman in the spring of 1780 were each fined 872 for non-artendance on exercise days; see 3rd Series, VI, III, W. Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 25 Joseph Hayhurst, Jeremiah Comfort and Isaac Watson to prepare a Testimony against him and acquaint him with the Meeting's Result concerning him. Several Friends in JACOB RANDALL'S Case report they have visited him, and that Jacob rather endeavoured to vindicate his Conduct than to make this Meeting Satisfaction: Wherefore the Meeting appoints Thomas Wilson and Abraham Harding to prepare a Testimony against him, and acquaint Jacob therewith. At a monthly Meeting held at Middletown by Friends the 2 Day of the 12. Month 1779. One of the Committee in the Case of JONATHAN, JOHN and ISAAC STACKHOUS report they had visisted them since last Meeting: And they being here offered a Paper, wherein they condemn their Conduct in taking Qualification of Allegiance under the Powers now presiding: And it appearing they have informed one of those in Power, and also him before whom they took the Qualification, of their Uneasiness; Which Paper is received. Some of the Committee in WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case report that William had been vitiated since last Meeting, but there appeared but little Hopes of his doing what Friends think necessary in order to reconcile himself with the Meeting; nevertheless Friends think best to continue his Case under the Care of the Committee till next Meeting. Two of the Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against THOMAS LONGSHORE and acquaint him therewith, produced a Testimony, and report they informed him thereof; which Testimony was read and with some Alteration, approved and signed; William Richardson and William Blakey desired to give him a Copy thereof, inform of his Privilege of Appeal, & report to next Meeting. The Friends appointed to draw Testimony against JACOB RANDALL not being here, it is left till next Meeting. The Preparative Meeting reports that JAMES THACKRAY hada almost totally neglected attending our religious Meetings, for which he bath been spoke with, but still continues in the Neglect thereof; bath likewise paid a Fine " for not going as a Soldier to War: John Watson, Ezra Comfort and Thomas Wilson are appointed to visit him and report to next Meeting the Disposition of Mind they find him in. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 6' 5 Day of the lot Month 1780. Divers weighty Matters as contained in the Extracts from our last Yearly Meeting were again considered: 3. • • . And it is remarked that altho' the solid Sense of the Yearly Meeting bath been frequently given, both in former and later Years, to excite and encourage all Friends to stand faithful to our Ancient Testimony against the Spirit of Wars and Fightings; yet it may be seasonable and proper in this Time of Difficulty for the Preservation of the Weak, and strengthening the Hands of the Faithful, to advise and exhort the Members of our Society to great Watchfulness and Circumspection in their Conduct, Conversation, Dealings and Commerce; and that such in Profession with us who are concerned in armed Vessels or in importing or shipping Goods in those Vessels, should be admonished and dealt with, agreeable to the Rules of our Discipline already established; and that all Friends be vigilant and careful that they do not suffer their Minds to be drawn out by Prospects of Gam and increasing their Wealth, to deal in or purchase Goods so imported. And that Friends be ingaged to attend to their tender Scruples against contributing to the Promo”Entolled in the 2nd Company of Cot McIlvaines Fifth Battalion, James Thaekray was fined £9 Ifs. in 1770 for not exercising; see 3rd Series, VI, III. 26 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine tion of War, by grinding of Grain, feeding of Cattle, or selling their Property for the Use of the Army or other such warlike Purposes. . . • The Committee not having had an Opportunity with WILLIAM PAXSON since last Meeting, his Case is still continued under their Care. The Friends appointed to give THOMAS LONGSHORE a Copy of Frie.nds Testimony against him and inform him of his Privilege of Appeal, report they have done so, and that he signified to them he should not appeal; which Testimony is ordered to be read as usual. One of the Friends appointed to draw Testimony against JACOB RANDAL, produced one which was read, and with some Alteration approved and signed: Stephen Comfort and Jeremiah Croasdale are appointed to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him with his Privilege of Appeal, and report to next Meeting. Two of the Friends in JAMES THAC.RRAY'S Case report that the Committee had visited James, and that he appeared rather to vindicate his conduct than in a Disposition to condemn it, which is still continued under the Committee's Care. The Preparative Meeting reports that JOHN MITCHELL jtINIt hath paid a Fine demanded of him for not bearing Arms, and not going as a Soldier to the War; and also that PEARSON MITCHELL bath paid a Fine demanded of him on Account of his Apprentice not Training, and likewise for his not going as a Soldier to War: Henry Simmons and Thomas Stapler are appointed to visit them, and report to next Meeting their Disposition of Mind. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 3" Day of the 2" Month 1780. WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case is still continued under the Care of the Committee, and they desired to attend to the Service. The Testimony against THOMAS LONGSHORE not being read as directed, it is desired that it be done before next Meeting. The Friends appointed to give JACOB RANDAL a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him, and acquaint him with his Privilege of Appeal, report that they have done the Meeting's Message to him, and that he informed them he should not appeal. JAMES THACKRAY not having been visited by the Committee since last Meeting, his Case is still continued under their Care. The Friends appointed to treat with JOHN MITCHELL JIMA report that they have had an Opportunity with him, and that John doth not appear in a Disposition to condemn his Conduct; with which he stands charged on Minute, which is still continued under the Care of the Committee. And as there are other Reports spread concerning John which affects the Reputation of Society, they are desired to make Enquiry concerning them, and report to next Meeting. The Friends appointed to treat with PEARSON MITCHELL report they have visited him, and that he appeared in a pretty good Disposition of Mind, but that he acknowledged to the Paying of but one Fine; which Case is still continued in the Care of the Committee. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2" Day of the 3" Month 1780. Several of the Friends in WILLIAM PAXSON'S Case report they have visited him since last Meeting, and that William don't appear disposed to make this Meeting that Satisfaction which the Nature of his Offence requires, but seems rather to choose the Meet"In 177t, John Mitchell, Jo was on the roll of Capt. Willees 1th Associated Company of Middletown Twp. See 1st, Series, V, 307. Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 27 beg should proceed against him: Therefore John Woolston and James Wildman are appointed. to prepare a Minute against him, and bring it to next Meeting & acquaint William with this Conclusion. The Testimony against THOMAS LONGSHORE has been read as directed. Two of the Committee M JAMES THACKRAY'S Case report that they had taken another Opportunity with him, and that he appears not to be sensible of what he has done being wrong, nor proposes making this Meeting any Satisfaction: wherefore William Blakey and Joshua Blakey are appointed to prepare a Testimony against him between this and next Meeting and acquaint him with this Result. One of the Friends in JOHN MITCHELL'S Case reports that he with the other Friends had visited him since last Meeting, and that they find the Reports concerning John to be true . . . [and that he] accomplished his marriage in a disorderly Manner; therefore Friends think best that he be testified against: William Richardson and Jonathan Paxson are appointed to prepare a Testimony for that Purpose, and bring it to next Meeting, and acquaint him therewith. One of the Friends in PEARSON MITCHELL'S Case reports that he with the other Friend has been with Pearson since last Meeting, and that Pearson appeared in a good Disposition and acknowledged he had paid two sums of Money demanded of him for the Support of War; and he being here, offered a Paper condemning his Fault, which this Meeting agrees to accept, The Preparative Meeting reports that JOHN TERRY bath paid a substitute Fine," and also been guilty of Fighting. Robert Croasdale, Ezra Comfort and Jeremiah Comfort are appointed to treat with him on the Occasion, and report the Disposition they find him in to next Meeting. At is monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown, the 6. Day of the 4. Month 1780. The Friends appointed to prepare a Minute against WILLIAM PAXSON and acquaint him therewith, produced one here which was read and with some Alteration approved, and is as follows, "William Paxson, a Member of this Meeting, having taken the Affirmation of Allegiance and Abjuration," as required under the present unsettled Government; which Conduct appearing to us inconsistent with our peaceable Principles, Friends have long laboured lovingly with him in order to convince him of his Error, that he might properly condemn the same, but without the desired Effect, he refusing to make suitable Satisfaction. We therefore do not own any longer him as a Member in Society with us, until he become sensible of his Misconduct and condemn it to the Satisfaction of this Meeting, which we sincerely desire for him." Thomas Wilson and Isaac Watson are desired to give William a Copy of the above Minute and acquaint him with his privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. The Friends in JAMES THACKRAY'S Case not having yet had an Opportunity of doing the Meeting's Message to him, are continued to that Service. The Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against JOHN MITCHELL and acquaint him therewith, report they have done so, and produced one here, which was read and with some Alteration approved and signed: Richard Hartshorne and Henry Simmons 55 Terry was fund £59 10s. for not exercising with Capt. Williamson's C,ompany of the First Battalion See 3rd Series, VI, 45. .Pauson had also been Seed E9 Its. in 1779 terms aercising with the fish Company of the Fifth Battalion, no not;ce of which was included in this testimony. See Ird Series, VI, 101, as 1779. 28 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine are appointed to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him with his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. The Friends appointed to treat with JOHN TERRY, report they have visisted him, and that he rather endeavoured to vindicate his Conduct, and said it was likely he should do the same again if he was tried: Nevertheless the Committee (with Thomas Stapler) are desired to take another Opportunity with him between this and next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown, the 4 50 Day of the 5. Month 1780. One of the Friends appointed to give WILLIAM PAXSON a Copy of the Meeting's Minute against him, and acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, reports he has performed that Service, and informs that William said he should not appeal. The Friends appointed to acquaint JAMES THACKRAY with the Conclusion of the Meeting, now report they have done so, and produced a Testimony here, which was read (and with some Alteration) approved and signed: James Wildman and Joseph Hayhurst are desired to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. One of the Friends appointed to give JOHN MITCHELL Juxit a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him, report that he with the other Friend performed that Service, and that John says he shall not appeal: The said Testimony is ordered to be read at the Close of a First day's Meeting, and then kept with such of the Meeting's Papers. The Friends in JOHN TERRY'S Case not having a full Opportunity with him are continued thereto, and desired to attend to it, between this and next Meeting, and if they discover no Disposition in him to condemn his Outgoings, prepare a Testimony against him, and bring it to next Meeting, and acquaint him with the result. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the first Day of the 6. Month 1780. The Friends appointed to give JAMES THACKRAY a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him, and acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, report they have done so, and that he inform'd them he should not appeal. The Testimony against JOHN MITCHELL jUNIt bath been read as directed. One of the Friends appointed to treat with JOHN TERRY reports that they have had a pretty full Opportunity with him since last Meeting, and that he signified he should attend this Meeting, but he not being here, his Case is further continued under their Care, and they desired to attend to their appointment between this and next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 6. Day of the 7 50 Month 1780. JOHN TERRY'S Case is further continued under the Care of the same Friends, they not having had an Opportunity with him since last Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 3" Day of the 8. Month 1780. One of the Friends appointed to treat with JOHN TERRY reports he has been with him since last Meeting, and that he declines making any Satisfaction for his Misconduct and said Friend having prepared a Testimony against him, it was read, approved of and signed: Thomas Stapler and Thomas Wilson are desired to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7 50 Day of the 9 50 Month 1780. The Representatives of our Quarterly Meeting report from thence that it was recom Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 29 mended to the monthly Meetings to be circumspect and careful how they any way con. tribute to the carrying on or support of War or military Service. The Friends appointed to give JOHN TERRY a Copy of the Meetings Testimony against him, and acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, report they have done to & that he said he should not appeal; the said Testimony is ordered to be published as usual and then kept with such of the Meeting's Papers. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 5. Day of the 10 4 Month 1780. The Testimony against JOHN TERRY not having been published, it is ordered to be done before next Meeting. The Preparative Meeting reports that WILLIAM WORSTAL bath been guilty of exercising as a militia Man, and acted as a Musician for the Militia: 55 This Meeting appoints Joshua Blakey, Jonathan Paxson and John Woolston to take an Opportunity with him and endeavour to convince him of the Inconsistency of his Conduct, and report their Care therein to next Meeting. At a mmahly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2° Day of the 11a Month 1780. The Testimony against JOHN TERRY has been published as directed. One of the Friends appointed to speak with WILLIAM WORSTALL, reports they were all with him since last Meeting, and had a pretty full Opportunity with him; that he acknowledged what he is charged with to be true, but as he seems somewhat undetermined what he shall do in the Matter, his Case is continued under the Care of the Committee another Month. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7th Day of the 12th Month 1780. The Extracts from our last Yearly Meeting being brought here, was read deliberately by Paragraphs; and several Friends being here from neighbouring Meetings, much weighty Advice and Counsel was given forth, closely recommending the serious Consideration of their Contents to our Observance; and those Parts more immediately recommended to the Care of Quarterly and Preparative Meetings are as followeth . . . It is likewise recommended to the solid Attention of our Quarterly, Monthly and Preparative Meetings and our Brethren in general, that according to the Advices given forth by that Meeting at sundry Times, particularly in the Years 1776, 1778 & 1779, respecting the Payment of Taxes, selling of Property for the Use of the Army &c, that the Members of our religious Society be again exhorted strictly to the Monitions of Divine Grace, and carefully guard against suppressing them, either in themselves or others, that so they may be preserved in a Conduct consistent with our Holy Profession, and from wounding the Minds or increasing the Sufferings of each other. . . • At a monthly Meeting of Friends held by Adjournment at Middletown the 14" . Day of the 12. 4 Month 1780. Two of the Friends appointed to treat with WILLIAM WORSTALL report they have had an Opportunity with him since last Meeting and that they have not much Prospect of his being reclaimed, or enabled to make Satisfaction; nevertheless his Case is continued under their Care another Month. 28 William 07orstal, enrolled in Capt. Gregg's Company of the Fourth Battalion in 1780, was fined 0849 (in depreciated currency) for non-performance of his one of duty when called out IR Aug. 1780, for which see 3rd Series, VI, 122. 30 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine At a monthly Meeting held at Middletown by Friends the 4th Day of the first Month 1781. One of the Friends appointed to treat with WILLIAM WORSTALL reports that he with another of the Committee had been with him since last Meeting, but see no Prospect of his being enabled to condemn his Disorder, he rather appearing in a senseless Situation in regard to seeing what he has done, to be wrong: Nevertheless the Committee are desired to take another Opportunity with him, and if they see no Hopes, prepare a Testimony against him, and bring it to next Meeting, and acquaint him with this Conclusion. The Preparative Meeting reports that AMOS WILSON has left his Father's House & gone to New-York or Long Island, he having imprudently gone to Philadelphia whilst in the Possession of the British Army, and came out from thence in Company with some armed Men; this Meeting taking the Matter into Consideration, appoints Henry Simmons, Joseph Knight and Stephen Comfort to inspect into that Matter, and thereon report to next Meeting. And also that it is reported that THOMAS SANDS bath by the Hands of another Person paid a Fine for not going out as a Militia Man; of which Report he refuses to clear himself; and that he has also conducted himself in a disorderly Manner by removing from within the Verge of this Meeting without applying for a Certificate; On which Occasion this Meeting appoints Jonathan Paxson, John Watson, and Joshua Blakey to treat with him on the Subject and endeavour to inform themselves of the true State of the Case, and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the first Day of the 2. Month 1781. Some of the Committee in WILLIAM WORSTALL'S Case report that they with some other Friends have visited him since last Meeting and that altho' they think him not in a suitable Disposition to make proper Satisfaction; yet as he informed them that he was now convinced he had done wrong, and would refrain from these Practices for the Future, this Meeting concludes to leave his Case under the Care of the Committee some time longer. The Friends appointed to inspect into the Case of AMOS WILSON's leaving these Parts, report they don't find he has any other Cause or Views than those mentioned in the preceding Minute of last Meeting; William Blakey and the Clark are desired to prepare a Minute against him by next Meeting. Two of the Friends appointed to visit THOMAS SANDS report they have visited him since last Meeting, and think him not in a suitable Disposition to make Satisfaction for his Deviations, nor cloth he propose to do so; and likewise that he bath since accomplished his Marriage with a Woman not of our Society: The same Friends are appointed to prepare a Testimony against him, and bring it to next Meeting for Consideration, and acquaint him with the Result. Al a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the first day of the Y. Month 1781. The Committee not having had an Opportunity with WILLIAM WORSTALL since last Meeting, it is concluded to leave his Case under their Care another Month. The Friends appointed to prepare a Minute against AMOS WILSON, produced one here, which was read and approved and is as follows, —"It appearing to this Meeting that Amos Wilson both too much accompanied with armed Men, and likewise left these Parts for a considerable Time in a disorderly Way, without acquainting this Meeting therewith or applying for a Certificate; and as his Situation renders it difficult to treat with him on the Occasion, Friends think it best to be no longer chargeable with his Conduct, nor can Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 31 they have any further Unity with him as a Member of our Society until he return & appear in a suitable Disposition to condemn his Deviations, which is desired for him." Henry Simmons is desired to give him a Copy of this Minute (if he has an Opportunity), acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to the Meeting. The Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against THOMAS SANDS produced one here, which was read (and with some Alteration) approved of and signed: William Richardson and Thomas Stapler are desired to give him a Copy there, acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletoum the 8. Day of the 4 55 Month 1781. It not appearing that WILLIAM WORSTALL bath been visited by any of the Committee since last Meeting, they are desired to attend to that Business before next Meeting. One of the Friends appointed to give THOMAS SANDS a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him, and acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, reports he has performed that Service, and that Thomas signified he should not appeal. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the rd Day of the S. Month 1781. Two of the Friends in WILLIAM WORSTALL'S Case report that they have spoke with him since last Meeting, and that it appears he still continues to follow those Practices for which he hath been treated with, and doth not propose making Satisfaction for his Disorders; and a Testimony against him, prepared by Order of a former Meeting, being here was read (and with some Alteration) approved of and signed: Jonathan Paxson and Joseph Hayhurst are desired to give him a Copy of said Testimony, acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletount the 7th Day of the 6. Month 1781. One of the Friends appointed to give WILLIAM WORSTALL a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him, and acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, reports that he bath left these Parts, and they not had an Opportunity with him: They are desired to attend to that Business as they have an Opportunity. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 5'4 Day of the 7th Month 1781. The Preparative Meeting reports that JOHN TWINING has exercised amongst the Militia; and John being here, offers a Paper acknowledging and condemning his Deviation; and Friends believing him to be in a good Degree sincere, agrees to receive it. The Preparative Meeting reports that EZER THACKRAY has paid a Fine'. for not exercising and going out as a Soldier amongst the Militia: John Woolston and James Wildman are appointed to treat with him on the Occasion and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2" Day of the 8th Month 1781. The Friends appointed to speak with EZER THACRRAY report that they have taken an Opportunity with him, and that he acknowledges the paying such to be wrong, but did not signify he should endeavour to condemn it; nevertheless his case is continued in the Care of the same Friends another Month. The Preparative Meeting reports that JOSEPH GILLAM hath gone from his Master I.Erer Thackray was regularly fined for not exercising or performing tours of duty, for which see Ird Series, VI, 106, 107, Ill, III, 122, 121. as A later minute notes that he went to New Garden, Chester Cn• The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine 32 in a disorderly Manner (supposed to be gone out of the[se] Parts) and as this Meeting is satisfied that is the Case, and his present Situation rendering it unlikely that Friends can soon have an Opportunity of treating with him on the Occasion, this Meeting thinks best to be no longer chargeable with his Conduct, nor can they have Unity with him as a Member of our Society, until he return and condemn his Deviations, which is our Desire for him. Joshua Blakey and Isaac Watson are desired to give him a Copy of this Minute (when they have an Opportunity), acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and report to the Meeting when done. Ate monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4th Day of the 10th Month 1781. JOB WALTON offered to this Meeting a Paper, wherein he acknowledges he bath some Time ago, drove a Waggon and Horses in a military Employment, and likewise condemned the which was read, and Friends believing him to be in a good Degree sincere, agree to receive it. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 6. Day of the 12. Month 1781. [The Preparative Meeting reports] also that JOHN TWINING hath been among the Militia as a Soldier:. John Watson and Joshua Blakey are appointed to treat with him on the Occasion, and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 3. Day of the first Month 1782. The Friends appointed to visit JOHN TWINING report they have been with him since last Meeting, and altho' they see no great Hopes, yet they with Sampson Cary, who is added, are desired to have his Case under their Care some Time longer. The Preparative Meeting reports that ENOS WILDMAN has been at a military Exercise as a Militia man; also that JOSHUA THACKRAY 2° bath been among the Militia as a Soldier: Joshua Blakey, Jonathan Paxson and William Blakey are appointed to treat with them on the Occasion and report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7th Day of the 2" Month 1782. JOHN TWINING'S Case is further continued under the Care of the Committee, they not having visited him since last Meetings They are desired to attend to it and report their Care in that Respect at a suitable Time. Two of the Friends to that Service appointed reported they have visited ENOS WILDMAN and that he seemed thoughtful of his Case, and proposed making Satisfaction for his Disorder; his Case is therefore continued under the Care of the Committee some time longer. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 7th Day of the 3 4 Month 1782. The Friends appointed to treat with JOHN TWINING report they have visited him since last Meeting, and that they do not think him in a suitable Disposition to make Satisfaction, nor doth he propose to do so; and that he acknowledges he has received a Sum of Money for going out as a Militia Man, and paid a Fine since he hath been under Dealing; ,9 At the neat monthly meeting he requested a certificate to Abington Meeting. 19 Twining enlisted 24 Sept. 1781, in the to Clew of Capt. Richard Stillwell's Company of the Fins Regiment of Foot under Lt. Col. John Keller, for which see 551, Series, V. 421. 2, Enos Wildman had been fined in 1779, and was One of those in Capt. Greges company of the Fourth Battalion who were fined 8549 for not turning out for a tour of duty in Aug. 1780. 3rd, VI, 106, 122. Joshua 'Markt, had enlisted 24 Sept. 1781, in Stillwell', company, for which see Sth Series, V. 421. Bucks County Quakers and the Revolution 33 which Conduct being contrary to our Principles, and the Advice and Counsel of Friends bestowed on hun, this Meeting thinks best that he be testified against: John Woolston and William Blakey are appointed to prepare something for that purpose and bring it to next Meeting and acquaint John with this Conclusion. One of the Friends in ENOS WILDMAN'S Case reports that he hash spoken with him since last Meeting, and that he proposed trying to make Satisfaction; and he being here offered a Paper condemning his Deviations; which was read and received. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4th Day of the 4th Month 1782. The Friends according to Appointment have produced a Testimony here against JOHN I WINING and acquainted him with the Meeting's Conclusion concerning him; which being read was approved of and sign'd; John Watson and Euclidus Longshore are desired to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him of his Privilege of Appeal, and report his Answer to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 2. Day of the $" Month 1782. The Friends appointed to give JOHN TWINING a Copy of the Meeting's Testimony against him and acquaint him with his privilege of Appeal report they have done so, and that he said he should not appeal. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 4th Day of the 716 Month 1782. The Preparative Meeting also reports that JOSEPH 'WILDMAN, JOSEPH LIN. TON 2' and EAZER THACKRAY have each of them paid a Tax which was demanded for the purpose of hiring men to go as soldiers to War: John Woolston, John Watson and Thomas Stapler are appointed to Visit and treat with them on the Occasion, and report to next Meeting the Disposition they find them M. And also that JOHN V'ILLETT has been m the Practice . of Exercising as a Militia Man: Jonathan Paxson and Joshua Blakey are appointed to speak with him on that account and Report to next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the I.' Day of the 8th Month 1782, The Friends appointed to Visit JOSEPH WILDMAN, JOSEPH LINTON, and EAZER THACKRAY Reports they have done so, and that Joseph Wildman said that it was unknown to him that is was that kind of Tax when he paid it to the Collector, or otherwise he would not have done it, and proposed offering satisfaction; and he being here offered a Paper, which being Read the Meeting agrees to accept of. JOSEPH LINTON and EAZER TFIACKRAY signified they had paid the said Tax knowing it to be such, but did not propose trying to make Satisfaction, and Joseph was likewise spoken with, as he hath frequently been before, concerning his almost total Neglect of attending our Meetings; their Cases is nevertheless continued in the Care of the same Friends another Month. The Friends in JOHN WILLETT'S Case not having had a full opportunity with him are desired to attend to their appointment before next Meeting. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 5" Day of the 9" Month 1782. The Friends in JOSEPH LINTON's Case reports that they have visited him since last Meeting and that Joseph cloth not appear in a Disposition to offer any satisfaction for his Linton had also been fined in 1779 and 5785 for which see 3rd Series, VI, 43, 48. 34 The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine Deviations, and Friends having no hopes of further Labour being useful in that Respect, think best that he be testified against John Woolston and John Watson are desired to prepare something for that purpose and bring to next Meeting, and acquaint Joseph with this Conclusion. EAZER THACKRAY hath likewise been Visited since last Meeting and altho' he did not appear in a Disposition to Condemn his Deviation yet as a Friend expressed a Desire he had of Visiting him on the Occasion, his Case is left till next Meeting. The Friends in JOHN WILLET'S Case report they have Visited him since last Meeting, and that they don't think him in a suitable Disposition to make Satisfaction, nor cloth he propose to do so; the same Friends are appointed to prepare a Testimony against him and bring to next Meeting for Consideration and acquaint him therewith. At a monthly Meeting of Friends held at Middletown the 3" Day of the 10 5 h Month 1782. The Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against JOSEPH LINTON and acquaint him therewith, report they have done so, and produced one here, which being Read was with some Alteration, approved and sign'd: Jonathan Paxson and William Richardson are desired to give him a Copy thereof, acquaint him with his privilege of Appeal, and return his Answer to next Meeting. The Friend who last Meeting expressed a freedom to Visit EAZER THACKRAY, report he has taken an Opportunity with him, and thinks him much in the same disposition which the Friends reported concerning him last Meeting; which Matter being further Considered, Jonathan Paxson and Isaac Watson are appointed to prepare a Draught of a Testimony against him before next Meeting, and acquaint him which this Conclusion. The Friends appointed to prepare a Testimony against JOHN WILLETT and acquaint him therewith, report they have performed that Service, and producing one here it was Read, approved and sign'd; William Blakey and Thomas Stapler are appointed to give him a Copy thereof, acquant him with his privilege of Appeal, and return his answer to next Meetine2 22 Siateen days after Will,,,', disownment, the British laid down their arms at Yorktown. Friends, however, were slow to accept the inevitable outcome of the one and continued to wrestle with mob of their numbers as persisted in "disorders" touching nu-like measures. It would appear that most of those with whom the meeting had had dealings same the beginning of the war were young, and probably not yet of age, since few of them appear on the extant assessment lists. '37ith their lives before them, they perhaps were more realistic than their elders, one of whose concerns surely was for the resulting decline in membership due to the defection of the young. Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania In Council, Philad'a, Thursday, June 8th 1780 . . . A letter f rum the Hon'ble Committee of Congress, at Camp, dated the 2d of June 1780, enumerating sundry demands for the Army this ensuing Campaign, was read, an abstract whereof is as follows, Yin: Five thousand barrels of Flour monthly, One thousand whereof to be delivered at Easton, one thousand at Coryell's Ferry, and remainder at Trenton . . . Besides which, one hundred and fifty Waggons to be constantly employed for ninety days; besides which, a Body of Militia of three thousand four hundred & sixty-five rank and file to be called out for three months, to rendezvous as the General shall direct.